Why is it essential to calculate the CG before flight?

Calculating the center of gravity (CG) before flight is essential primarily to ensure weight distribution in the aircraft. The CG plays a crucial role in the aircraft's stability and control. Proper weight distribution affects how the aircraft behaves in the air; if the CG is too far forward or too far aft, it can lead to difficulties in control, increased stall risk, and even loss of aircraft control. A well-balanced aircraft will have more predictable performance characteristics, ensuring safer flight operations.

While other factors such as fuel efficiency, flight speed, and passenger comfort can be impacted indirectly by CG, they are secondary to the primary concern of maintaining safe and effective weight distribution for proper aircraft handling and performance. This focus on CG calculations helps pilots maintain the aircraft's aerodynamic efficiency and stability during all phases of flight.