What are V-Speeds in aviation?

V-Speeds are reference airspeeds that are critical for flight decision-making and safety. These speeds, which include various performance thresholds, provide pilots with essential information regarding the aircraft's capabilities during different phases of flight. For instance, V1 is the takeoff decision speed, while V2 is the minimum safe speed to maintain during the climb after takeoff. A pilot's awareness of V-Speeds aids in operating the aircraft within safe parameters, ensuring effective handling during critical phases like takeoff and landing.

The other options misrepresent the scope and purpose of V-Speeds. Vertical speeds during ascent are not specifically classified as V-Speeds, and vibrational speeds during turbulence do not pertain to the predefined airspeed references pilots rely on. Velocity limits during ground maneuvers are also not categorized under V-Speeds, which focus more on flight performance rather than ground handling characteristics. Understanding V-Speeds is essential for maintaining operational safety and efficiency in aviation.