How does changing an aircraft's configuration affect landing performance?

Changing an aircraft's configuration significantly modifies its drag and lift characteristics, which directly impacts landing performance. When an aircraft adjusts its configuration—such as extending flaps or changing the landing gear position—it alters the aerodynamic profile. Extending flaps increases lift at lower speeds, allowing the aircraft to maintain a safe approach angle during landing while decreasing the stall speed. At the same time, this configuration change increases drag, which helps to slow the aircraft down more effectively.

This interplay between lift and drag is crucial for ensuring that the aircraft can land safely and within the prescribed runway length. The ability to modify these aerodynamic forces is essential during the landing phase, as it allows pilots to control their descent rate and approach speed, ultimately affecting the overall landing performance.